Frederick Taylor, an American mechanical engşneer, improved industrial efficiency. Frederick Taylor, who was also managment consultant, would think that the managment can be considered as an academic discipline. Moreover, the partnership between trained and qualified management and a cooperative and innovative workforce would bring the best result.Taylor was known as a leader of Efficiency Movement due to his this thought. He also believed that the "one best way" is to analyse work.
(Effciency Movement :It was a movement which claimed that everything would be better thanks to being identified by experts.)
"It is only thought enforced standardization of metods, enforced adoption of the best implements and working conditions, and enforced cooperation that this faster work can be assured. And the duty of enforcing the adoption of standards and enforcing the cooperation rests with management alone" (Taylor, 1989,229).
Taylor was also known with his works on developing the time and motion study.
Louis Brandeis, proagandist of Taylorism, called the term " scientific managment" whose principles are:
1. Replace rule-of-thumbwork methods based on a scientific study of the tasks.
2. Scientifically select, train,and develop each employee rather than passively leaving them to train themselves
3. Provide "Detailed instruction and supervision of each worker in the performance of that worker's discrete task" ( Montgomery,1997,250).
4. Divide work nearly equally between managers and workers, so that the managers apply scientific management principles to planning the work and the workers actually perform the tasks.
Scientific management optimized the tasks' way and simlified the jobs enough to let workers be trained to perform their specialized sequence of methods in the "one best way".
Taylorism affected whole world from the USA to USSR on so many field such as railroad, industry, education, psychology etc.
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